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Italy's Native Wine Grapes Guide

Neretto di Bairo

Grape's Data Sheet

The Neretto di Bairo Wine Grape in Italy

Neretto di Bairo - The Grape and the Wines

The Neretto di Bairo, also simply known as Neretto, has been present in the Canavese region for centuries, although its true origins remain unknown. This grape variety presents notable challenges in cultivation, particularly due to inconsistent production and low yields. Despite these difficulties, the Neretto di Bairo is capable of producing high-quality grapes that, when vinified, result in wines with lower acidity and more balance compared to Barbera, with which it shares production areas. In addition to the Canavese (notably the communes of Bairo, Valperga, and San Giorgio), the Neretto di Bairo is also found in the Pinerolese region, though to a lesser extent. While it is sporadically present in vineyards, it contributes to the production of Canavese Rosso DOC, but it is rarely vinified on its own.

Given its high vigor and the low fertility of buds at the base of the cane, the Neretto di Bairo requires an expansive training system, such as the traditional Canavese pergola, which allows for long, rich pruning. Its production is inconsistent because it is highly sensitive to rainfall, especially during fruit set. Despite being considered suitable for vinification and for producing young, easy-drinking wines, many winegrowers are abandoning this variety in favor of others with higher and more consistent yields.

Ampelographically, the Neretto di Bairo has medium-sized, pentagonal, five-lobed leaves with pronounced lobes. Its clusters are medium-sized, conical-pyramidal in shape, with short wings, and moderately compact. The berries are medium-sized, subround to suboval in shape, with a bluish hue and a thick layer of pruina. The wine produced from Neretto di Bairo has an intense ruby-red color. On the palate, it is warm and full-bodied.

neretto di bairo a native wine grape of Italy

Neretto di Bairo - General Info Table

Neretto di Bairo is one of the  Native Grapes with Black berry widespread mainly in Piedmont, officially listed in the “Catalogo nazionale varietà di vite” since 1970. Its surface under vines in Italy is 34 ha.
Berry colorBlack berry
Grape CategoryNative Grapes
Main RegionPiedmont
Surface under Vines in Italy34 ha
Year of listing1970

Neretto di Bairo - Ampelographic Data

Each grape variety is characterized by Ampelographic Descriptors that define the appearance of its main elements. The ampelographic features of the Neretto di Bairo grape variety are:
Leaf Features
The leaf of the Neretto di Bairo grape variety is medium-sized, pentagonal, with three lobes.
Bunch Features
The bunch of the Neretto di Bairo grape variety is dense, medium-sized, cylindrical.
Berry Features
The berries of the Neretto di Bairo grape variety are medium-sized, big, of ellipsoidal shape and with Buccia pruinosa and black-bluish colored skin.

Neretto di Bairo - Wine Features

The Varietal Wine obtained from each and every Grape Variety, features precisely defined organoleptic characteristics. Referred to Neretto di Bairo grapes, they are as follows:
Varietal Wine's features
The wine obtained from Neretto di Bairo grapes is ruby red. On the palate the wine is warm, full bodied.

Neretto di Bairo - Agricultural & Productive Features

Each and every grape variety features very specific agricultural and productive characteristics, such as productivity, yield, ripening time, the ideal type of climate or pruning system, sensitivity to adversities, varying degrees of disease resistance and many others. For the Neretto di Bairo grape variety, the main characteristics are:
Ripening timemedium
Vegetative vigorhigh vigor
ProductivityProduttività irregolare, low

Neretto di Bairo - Appellations of Origin

The Quattrocalici Grape Varieties Database collects data on all grape varieties that are explicitly mentioned in at least one Italian PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) or PGI (Protected Geographical Indication) denomination. The Neretto di Bairo grape variety is mentioned in the regulations of the following denominations:
DenominationTypeRegion
Canavese DOCDOCPiedmont
Pinerolese DOCDOCPiedmont